Every October 18th, World Menopause Day highlights an important yet often under-discussed phase of women’s lives: menopause. This global event, organized by the International Menopause Society (IMS), is dedicated to raising awareness about menopause and promoting support options available for those going through it. 

“Menopause can be such a vulnerable time for women, and that’s why this day is so important. It’s a chance for us to support women no matter what stage of life they are going through. Most women will spend the majority of their lives in menopause, so we need to start having conversations so they can be prepared for when this time comes,” says Proov CEO Amy Beckley.

As more women and health practitioners embrace open conversations about menopause, understanding its symptoms, management strategies, and long-term health effects has become critical. Whether you’re in perimenopause, menopause, or postmenopausal, here’s what you need to know to better navigate this stage of life.

What Is Menopause?

Menopause marks the end of a woman’s reproductive years, typically occurring between ages 45 and 55. It is officially diagnosed when a woman has gone 12 consecutive months without a menstrual period. The process of menopause involves significant hormonal changes, particularly a drop in estrogen and progesterone levels, which can cause a variety of symptoms. While menopause is a natural biological transition, the experience is different for every woman—some sail through it with little disruption, while others may struggle with severe symptoms.

Perimenopause is the phase leading up to menopause when hormone levels begin to fluctuate, often starting in a woman’s early 40s but sometimes as early as the mid-30s. During this time, periods can become irregular, and symptoms like hot flashes, night sweats, and mood swings may begin.

Postmenopause refers to the years following menopause when symptoms like hot flashes typically subside, but the long-term health impacts, such as an increased risk for osteoporosis and heart disease, require ongoing attention.

Common Symptoms of Menopause

Menopause symptoms can vary widely, but some of the most common include:

• Hot Flashes: Sudden feelings of warmth, often accompanied by sweating and a red, flushed face, are one of the hallmark symptoms of menopause.
• Night Sweats: These are hot flashes that occur during sleep, often leading to disrupted rest and fatigue.
• Mood Changes: Irritability, depression, and anxiety can be triggered by fluctuating hormones and the physical discomfort of menopause.
• Sleep Disturbances: Insomnia or disrupted sleep patterns are common, and they can exacerbate mood and concentration issues.
• Vaginal Dryness: A decline in estrogen can result in thinning and drying of the vaginal tissues, leading to discomfort during intercourse.
• Weight Gain and Metabolism Changes: Many women experience weight gain during menopause due to changes in metabolism and hormone levels.

Understanding these symptoms can help women anticipate and manage their experiences more effectively, with options ranging from lifestyle adjustments to medical treatments.

Health Risks Associated with Menopause

Beyond the immediate symptoms, menopause can increase the risk of certain health issues that women should be aware of:

• Osteoporosis: Lower estrogen levels during menopause contribute to bone loss, putting women at higher risk for osteoporosis and fractures. Bone density tests and calcium supplements may be recommended as part of postmenopausal care.
• Heart Disease: Estrogen is believed to have a protective effect on the cardiovascular system, and its decline during menopause may increase a woman’s risk of heart disease. Monitoring blood pressure and cholesterol levels and maintaining a heart-healthy lifestyle is essential.
• Urinary Incontinence: Menopause can weaken the pelvic floor muscles, leading to bladder control issues. Pelvic floor exercises or medical interventions can help address these concerns.

How to Manage Menopause Symptoms

While menopause is a natural part of life, the symptoms can be challenging. Fortunately, there are various management strategies available, depending on individual needs and preferences:

• Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): HRT can help balance hormone levels and alleviate many menopausal symptoms, including hot flashes and vaginal dryness. However, it’s not suitable for everyone, so it’s important to discuss the risks and benefits with a healthcare provider.
• Non-Hormonal Treatments: For women who cannot or choose not to use HRT, non-hormonal treatments like antidepressants, gabapentin, or clonidine can provide relief from hot flashes and mood disturbances.
• Lifestyle Changes: Simple adjustments can make a big difference. Regular exercise, a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, stress management techniques like yoga or meditation, and sufficient sleep can help manage many symptoms.
• Natural Supplements: Some women find relief with supplements such as black cohosh, red clover, or soy products, although scientific evidence is mixed. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting supplements, as they may interact with other medications.

The Importance of Open Conversations

The stigma surrounding menopause often leaves women feeling isolated or unsure of how to navigate this phase of life. It’s essential to remember that menopause is a natural transition, not a medical condition. Having open conversations with healthcare providers, friends, or support groups can offer both emotional and practical support.

Take Action on World Menopause Day

World Menopause Day is a reminder that women’s health, particularly during the menopause transition, deserves attention and care. If you or a loved one is approaching or experiencing menopause, consider scheduling a consultation with a healthcare professional to discuss symptoms, risks, and the best management strategies.

Use this day to break the silence around menopause, share experiences, and support each other through this significant life transition. By fostering open conversations and staying informed, women can better navigate menopause and embrace this stage with confidence and empowerment.

Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice, nor does it replace professional medical expertise or treatment. If you have any concerns or questions about your health, always consult with a physician or other healthcare professional.

Published by: Nelly Chavez